How do I get my overweight cat to lose weight

Cat Dieting: How to Help Your Cat Lose Weight

Prior to starting your cats weight loss journey, talk to your veterinarian about how to do this safely. Cat dieting is not as simple as restricting food, and rapid weight loss can be very dangerous. Any cat weight loss plan should be a collaboration between you and your vet.

Here are a few ways that you can help your cat lose weight and maintain a healthy lifestyle.

How to Help Your Cat Lose Weight Safely

First, speak with your veterinarian before putting your cat on a diet. They will help you establish a cat dieting plan that supports gradual, healthy weight loss without restricting food intake too drastically.

Severe cat food restriction and rapid weight loss can actually make your pet very sick, causing a serious disease in cats called hepatic lipidosis, or fatty liver disease.

Calculating Your Cats Body Condition Score

The ideal weight for a cat is determined by their body condition score. This is an objective measurement of your cats body composition based on the visibility of their ribs, presence of a waist, and how easily their vertebrae can be felt.

Once a body condition score has been assigned, your veterinarian can help you establish your pets target weight and daily calorie intake goal using the following formula for resting energy requirement (RER):

70 x (body weight in kg)^0.75=RER

How Much Weight Should a Cat Lose Each Week?

Cats should not lose more than 1-2% of their total body weight per week.

By reducing their calorie intake to 80% of their RER, you should see a weekly weight loss rate of 1-2% (this may vary slightly depending on the individual cat).

Your veterinarian can help you figure out all of these calculations for calorie intake and weight loss, plus portion sizes. Weigh your pet weekly to ensure that your cat is on track with your vets plan. If your cats weight loss is greater than 2% per week, increase their calorie consumption by 10% with the help of your vet. If the weight loss is less than 1% per week, reduce their calorie consumption by 5-10%.

If at any point your cat stops eating, please have them examined by your veterinarian.

3 Methods for Helping Your Cat Lose Weight

Here are a few tips for supporting your cats weight loss goals in a safe and controlled way.

Cat Weight Loss Food

Your vet can help you determine the right food, portions, and feeding schedule for your cat.

Most cat weight loss diets will be a combination of either:

High fiber/low fatA higher fiber content can support satiety and increase bulk, allowing your cat to consume more and feel fuller.

High protein/low carbohydrateThis diet can delay stomach emptying, which also leaves your pet feeling fuller.

The higher water content in wet food can help with weight loss by increasing the volume of food without increasing the calorie count.

Exercise

Calorie restriction is important for weight loss, but increasing your cats activity level also plays a role.

You can support your cats weight loss through exercise by:

Automatic Feeders and Treat Balls

Using an automatic feeder can help get your pet get accustomed to scheduled meals. This can help with weight loss and long-term weight management.

Using treat balls or food puzzle toys to dispense your cats meal can also help slow down your cats eating while providing stimulation and exercise.

Featured Image: iStock.com/pat138241

Obesity in cats

FAQ's

Whats the best cat food for overweight, indoor cats?

If you have an overweight cat that doesnt go outside, its likely that they are taking in more calories than they burn off each day. They will benefit from a low calorie diet, and some daily play time to get them moving around. Read more about exercising an indoor cat.

How do you feed two cats when one is overweight?

Fortunately, if your cats are microchipped, there is a simple solution to this common problem. It is now possible to purchase microchip activated feeding bowls that only open for one particular cat. By using these special feeding bowls you can easily regulate how much food each of your cats has. Alternatively, you could feed your cats in separate rooms to prevent them stealing food from each other. If your smaller cat needs to be fed throughout the day, it may be necessary to feed them separately by hand.

How much should I feed my overweight cat?

If your cat is overweight, its important to feed them the amount recommended for their ideal weight, not their actual weight. So, if your cat is 5kg, but their ideal weight is 3.5kg, feed them the amount recommended for a 3.5kg cat. Dont panic if you have accidentally been overfeeding your cat, just reduce their meal sizes slowly over a couple of weeks. Ideally, your cat should graze throughout the day, split their daily allowance into at least two meals (ideally more).

How to Put Your Cat on a Diet 20 Tips to Lose Weight (Vet Answer)

The information is current and up-to-date in accordance with the latest veterinarian research.

Learn more

Were you aware that in 2022, a whopping 61% of cats were overweight or obese¹? While this means that almost two out of every three cats are affected, fortunately, there are many ways for cat owners to combat this extra body fat. Overall, it is known that weight loss can be brought about with the proper diet, the correct restriction of calories, and physical exercise.

In this article, well discuss information about weight, how an appropriate food/diet plan can be put in place, and numerous overall strategies on how to get your cat to lose (or prevent gaining) excess weight.

Why Is Their Weight Important?

For context, a cat is considered to be overweight if they are 1020% above their ideal body weight, while a cat is considered to be obese if they are greater than 20% above their ideal weight. Even if your cat is not overweight currently, it is easier to prevent than to treat obesity. Therefore, the tips in this article are really for any cat owner, whether they have an overweight cat or not!

Just as with humans, weight is an important part of the puzzle in a cats overall health. In fact, it has been shown that overweight pets have a higher risk of various disease associations. This excess weight can cause, or if already present, exacerbate medical health issues such as diabetes, osteoarthritis, renal disease, some types of cancer, etc. Furthermore, the hormones that are given off by extra fat tissue have been found to keep the body in a long-term state of inflammation². In addition, extra weight can simultaneously shorten a cats life span and cause them to have a decreased quality of life.

The Veterinarians Role

A weight-reduction plan should be evaluated and carried out under the direction of a veterinarian. In addition to obtaining an accurate body weight and a thorough history coupled with a physical exam, they may utilize lab work to rule out the occasional medical cause of weight gain. Furthermore, they can counsel you on your individual cats ideal body weight and how to determine your cats body condition score (BCS) and muscle condition scoring (MCS).

A BCS determines a pets body fat; this is done by feeling for fat across the ribs, looking at fat distribution from above, and looking at fat distribution from the sides to determine an overall score. The score can be based on either a 5-point or 9-point scale. For the 15 point scale, a 1 is an emaciated cat and a 5 is an obese cat, with a 3 being an ideal body weight. On the 19 point scale, a 1 is also emaciated, a 9 signifies obesity, and for cats, a 5 is ideal. An MCS determines muscle mass and includes visual examination and palpation along the body at specific points to determine if muscle wasting is present in mild, moderate, or marked amounts.

Furthermore, your cats vet can teach you how to read pet food/treat nutrition labels and calculate nutrition requirements correctly. This information can be used to calculate how many calories your cat is actually eating. Other nutritional calculations such as resting energy requirements (RER) and maintenance energy requirements (MER) are used by veterinarians to help determine how many calories your cat should be eating to lose weight safely over time. If a cat loses too much weight too quickly or stops eating suddenly, there can be medical problems, such as hepatic lipidosis (also known as fatty liver syndrome) which can be life-threatening.

As a reference, a cat should have 2435 calories per pound per day; but your veterinarian can help calculate a good starting point given your cats factors³. In addition, a good and safe reference range of a cats body weight loss per week is 0.52.0%⁴.

Veterinarians can come up with a specific feeding plan that allots out the amount/caloric density of food (and potentially some small allotment for treats) for your cat to lose weight based on several of the above-mentioned factors. This plan will consider your cats ideal body weight, their BCS, MCS, total calories being consumed currently, RER and MER calculations as well as your cats stage of life, any concurrent diseases, their lifestyle and activity levels, etc.

The 20 Tips to Lose Weight

Food and Calories

1. Measure it Out

Use an actual level measuring cup (or even better and more accurate, a kitchen weight scale!) to find out exactly how much you are feeding your cat. This is the first step to understanding and becoming aware of where youre starting, and going forward, to accurately control the amount of food (and calories).

2. Label Information

Obtain all the nutrition/label information from your sources of food, treats, food used to give medicine, homemade diets, table scraps, etc. This label information may be on the bag in question, or you may need to research or contact the manufacturer, etc. This step can help you determine where all the calories for your cat are coming from and help your veterinarian in nutritional calculations.

3. Quality Food

Feed a good, quality food. A diet change may or may not be needed. There are even prescription diet cat foods that may be an option for your cat. Discuss with your cats veterinarian any specific diet recommendations and diet transition instructions.

4. Overfeeding

Do not allow free feeding (always having food available in the bowl). One of the biggest human-related factors to a cat being overweight is overfeeding⁵. This is very common, and many pet owners do this unknowingly, but our eyes are bigger than their stomachs. Remember, if a cat has free access to food, this is like having a buffet available all the time!

5. Communication

Make sure everyone in the household who could be taking care of the cat is on the same page. Communication is important! Some tips to prevent doubling up food on accident could include a check-off system or to pre-measure out and label bags of food/treats for each day of the week.

6. Reduce Treats

Reduce calories given from treats to less than 10% of a cats daily allotted calories (as long as they are being given a full and complete diet)⁶. Alternatively, you could instead give rewards with attention, special or favorite toys, catnip, brushing, etc.

7. Remove Human Food

Remove human food or table scraps from the cats diet. This is not only unhealthy for your cat but is easy to overload, giving excess calories even with small amounts of food. If youre only allotted around 200300 calories per day, even a small square of cheese can add up!

8. Automated Feeders

Automated, timed feeders that dispense a pre-measured amount may be helpful for some so a cat does not associate their owner with feeding them. In multi-cat households there may need to be some oversight with this so that separation still occurs. Some feeders even utilize a sensor collar that will only open when the cat in question is within range and then close off the food if the cat moves away.

9. Splitting Meals

Try splitting the allotted meals up in differing amounts or at different times. For example, if your cat begs for food overnight, try giving a smaller meal in the morning and a larger meal at night. If you feed your cat once or twice a day and the cat begs for food between meals, try dividing out the specified total calories into 3 or 4 smaller meals.

10. Supervision

In a multi-cat household, it is essential to ensure that each cat is only eating the food allotted to them. With more than one cat, there can also be competition or resource guarding for food. This could be remedied by physically separating them during their mealtimes (such as in a different room behind a closed door, a tall baby gate, etc.) or as mentioned above, a cat feeder with a sensor collar.

Increasing Physical Activity

11. Make Them Work

Make your cat work for their food. Move their meals around regularly to areas that they dont normally frequent, so they have to go far away from their usual hangouts and hunt for their meal.

12. Cat Tree

A cat tree or using vertical space to jump up to get to their meal can also give some additional physical activity.

13. Toys

Because cats have such a predatory instinct, they may find toys such as play mice, feathers, teaser wands, or laser pointers enticing. Provide a variety of toys but rotate them to discourage boredom.

14. Obstacle Course

A homemade obstacle course, especially with catnip or an allotted small treat as encouragement, can incentivize even more movement!

15. Outside Time

Trying a harness and leash walk outside may be a physical activity that some cats enjoy.

16. Exercise Wheel

A cat exercise wheel that allows for walking or running may be worth looking into for some inquisitive cats.

Additional Factors

17. Scatter Their Food

You could try tossing your cats food kibbles out and around so they have to chase it and expend some energy to get their meal!

18. Food Dispensing Toys

A food and exercise combination tip is to use food-dispensing balls or toys. These are fabulous in that the cat must use both their mind and body. And, once a cat knows how to reliably use it, you could put a portion (or all of) the cats allotted calories to keep them working. Its a win-win-win.

19. Routine Weigh-ins

How do you know if your cat is making progress? Routine weigh-ins and recheck visits. A baby scale (at home and/or at the veterinary clinic) can be a helpful tool in this regard. Monitoring for progress as well as any needed changes is key.

20. Environmental Enrichment

In one study, overweight cats on a restricted diet with increased environmental enrichment had activity collars and were found to have more activity than overweight cats with the same feeding instructions without the increased enrichment. You may consider this and include window perches, bird feeders outside a window, scratching posts, etc. to help provide overall good mental well-being for your cat.

Conclusion

A cats weight loss plan typically needs a multifaceted approach to solve (or prevent) this common problem. As your cats vet is your furry family members biggest advocate, they will use science and medicine in creating your cats best-individualized weight loss (or maintenance) plan. As your cats owner, you will be responsible for carrying out the plan daily to ensure the best result for your pet.

Its helpful to know that both you and your cats veterinarian are essential partners in your cats weight loss journey and that your cat will be able to live their best life because of your teamwork!

Featured Image Credit: Daisy Daisy, Shutterstock